The Poker Club was one of several clubs at the heart of the Scottish Enlightenment where many associated with that movement met and exchanged views in a convivial atmosphere. The Poker Club was created in 1762 out of the ashes of The Select Society. Adam Smith said, âDivided counsels and diminished zeal supply, no doubt, the main reason for the decay of the Poker Club,â but he also mentioned the rising costs to members.
The Poker was the name given to the Militia Club at its third or fourth meeting. The Militia was formed in Edinburgh to promote the cause of establishing a militia in Scotland. It was thought that the formation of a democratic national force was essential to grace the dignity of the nation and the aim was to make up for the omission of that provision in the Militia Act of 1757 which applied only to England and the Scottish Militia Bill which was rejected in April 1760. The aim of the club provoked some unwelcome opposition and, at the suggestion of Adam Smith the name was changed so as to be enigmatic to the general public. Much as a fireplace poker stirs a fire to flame up, The Poker was to âstir upâ the militia question.
The club was said by Dr Carlyle to consist of all the literati of Edinburgh and its surroundings. The establishment was frugal and moderate, âas that for all clubs for a public purpose should be. The dinner was set soon after two oâclock, at one shilling a head, the wine to be confined to sherry and claret, and the reckoning to be called at six oâclockâ.
The first fifteen members were chosen by nomination, the rest by ballot, âtwo black balls to exclude the candidateâ. A new âpresesâ (chairman) was chosen at each meeting. There were three office bearers: the Secretary, Sir William Pulteney, the Assassin, Andrew Crosbie and the Assassinâs Assessor, David Hume âwithout whose assent nothing could be done, so that betweenâplusâ and âminusâ there was likely to be no bloodshedâ.
The minute book of 1776 names forty three members,including Joseph Black, âJupiterâ Carlyle, Sir John Clerk of Eldin, Henry Dundas, Adam Ferguson, Lord Elibank, Sir John Dalrymple, John Hume, David Hume, William Robertson, John Robison, George Dempster, and Adam Smith.
David Hume could well find the company of The Poker a relief from a skeptical depression — âMost fortunately it happens that since reason is incapable of dispelling these clouds, nature herself suffices to that purpose ⌠I dine, I play a game of backgammon, I converse, and am merry with my friends; and when after three or four hours amusement, I return to these speculations, they appear so cold, and strainâd, and ridiculous, that I cannot find it in my heart to enter into them any farther.â